Precision Meets Innovation

Atomic-Scale Precision for Next-Generation Semiconductors

Applied Angstrom Technology develops and delivers atomic layer etching solutions that enable the most demanding semiconductor manufacturing processes — from 3D NAND beyond 400 layers to sub-3nm gate-all-around transistors.

<0.1%

CD deviation in 10µm deep features

100:1+

Aspect ratio capability

0.3–1.0 nm

Etch per cycle precision

>90%

Radical dissociation efficiency

The ALE Cycle — Live Animation

Watch the self-limiting etch process in action — each cycle removes exactly one atomic layer

Cycle1Etch depth: 0.5 nm
M

Surface Modification

Cl₂ adsorption

Reactive gas modifies only the top atomic layer

P

Purge

Ar/N₂ flow

Inert gas removes unreacted species

R

Removal

Ar⁺ bombardment

Modified layer is selectively removed

Repeat

0.3–1.0 nm/cycle

Digital, atomic-scale etch depth control

Wafer Cross-Section — Live Etch Progress

Unmodified Modified layer Substrate

The Angstrom Era

Why Atomic Layer Etching Matters

As semiconductor devices scale to sub-3nm nodes and 3D NAND exceeds 400 layers, conventional reactive ion etching cannot deliver the required atomic-scale precision. Aspect ratio dependent etching (ARDE) causes rate variation in deep, narrow features — degrading the uniformity that advanced devices demand.

ALE solves this fundamentally. By decomposing the etch into self-limiting half-reactions, each cycle removes exactly one atomic layer regardless of feature depth. The etch amount depends on dose, not flux — eliminating ARDE at aspect ratios beyond 100:1.

The ALE equipment market is projected to grow from $1.36B in 2025 to $2.74B by 2033, driven by 3D NAND scaling and gate-all-around transistor adoption.

Deep Dive: ALE Technology

ALE vs Conventional RIE

Etch control
RIE: Rate-basedALE: Self-limiting
ARDE at 100:1 AR
RIE: >35% variationALE: <0.1% deviation
Precision
RIE: ~nm/s ratesALE: 0.3-1.0 nm/cycle
Selectivity
RIE: Material-dependentALE: >100:1 achievable
Surface damage
RIE: SignificantALE: Minimal (low-energy)

Enabling Advanced Applications

From memory to logic to advanced packaging — our solutions address the most critical etch challenges in semiconductor manufacturing.

3D NAND Flash

Channel holes at 100:1+ aspect ratio for 400-1000 layer devices

Gate-All-Around (GAA)

SiGe-selective ALE for nanosheet release in sub-3nm logic nodes

FinFET & DRAM

Precise gate, spacer, and high-AR capacitor etching with atomic uniformity

Advanced Packaging

TSV etching and hybrid bonding surface preparation at scale

Ready to Explore Atomic-Scale Precision?

Talk to our AI assistant or connect with our engineering team to discuss how ALE can solve your toughest etch challenges.